Preview from article: Where Should You Put Menus? And Should You Have Sub-Menus?

Websites often have lots of menus to list. The standard About, Contact, Biography and Services are often not enough.

The dilemma is where to put all those menus and sub-menus.

Here are some options:

- List everything horizontally across the top

• Advantages: People can see every topic and item you wish to cover as soon as they enter your website


• Disadvantages: If you have a lot of content, your web page has to be pretty wide, usually extending from one side to the other. Otherwise, you would have to edit very carefully what makes up your menus.


• Example: Artdaily.org. Art daily has placed all of its menus (all 11 of them) across its website.
  

- List the important menus where they're most visible, and subsidiary ones like About, Contact, Privacy Statements etc... either at the very top or at the very bottom

• Advantages: Frees up more space horizontally


• Disadvantages: Could be difficult to find the subsidiary menus


• Example: Paypal has put it's most important menus to get you started (Home, Personal, Business, Products & Services) horizontally about 1/4 from the top. At the very top, and at the very bottom, it has a large list of subsidiary menus for more detailed and additional information.

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Good Architecture

Web design is sometimes called web architecture, equating websites as three-dimensional objects with different levels. The placement of these levels (web pages) and their navigation becomes similar to how one places rooms in a house, and goes through the house from one room to another. The other elements in those rooms - furniture, accessories, colors, etc. - also relate to how one arranges the rooms.

Christopher Alexander is an architect who has written an epic encyclopedic manual of how to design the optimal homes in his four volumes of The Nature of Order.

Here are the outlines of the Fifteen Fundamental Properties from Volume I of the Nature of Order. It is well worth to get the book and read the details, examples and photographs. I think they relate very well with web design.

1. Levels of scale: A balanced range of sizes is pleasing and beautiful

2. Strong centers: Good design offers areas of focus or weight

3. Boundaries: Outlines focus attention on the center

4. Alternating repetition: Repeating various elements creates a sense of order and harmony

5. Positive space: A background should reinforce rather than detract from the center

6. Good shape: Simple forms can create an intense, powerful center

7. Local symmetries: Organic small scale symmetry works better than precise overall symmetry

8. Deep interlock and ambiguity: Looping, connected elements promote unity and grace

9. Contrast: Unity is achieved with visible oppositions

10. Gradients: The proportional use of space and pattern creates harmony

11. Roughness: Texture and imperfection implies uniqueness and life

12. Echoes: Similarities should repeat throughout a design

13. The Void: Empty spaces offer calm and contrast

14. Simplicity and Inner Calm: Use only essentials; avoid extraneous elements

15. Not-separateness: Designs should be connected and complementary, not egocentric and isolated